1.1 The following terms and conditions shall govern the order by Client (as defined hereunder) and the sale by Dupray GmbH (“Dupray” or “Seller”) of any product made available by Dupray (hereby collectively called the “Product”). Certain additional terms may accompany the Product and shall apply but in case of conflict the following Terms and Conditions shall prevail.
1.2 By ordering the Product, whether by placing an order by phone, on the Dupray website ( dupray.com/en-ca), in person or by any other means, following a quotation or not, Client agrees that these Terms and Conditions of Sale (referred to as the “Terms and Conditions”) shall govern the contract between Dupray and the Client and supersedes any other terms and conditions that may be provided by the Client. Dupray's failure to object to provisions contained in any communication from the Client shall not be deemed a waiver of the Terms and Conditions.
1.3 “Client” means any person or entity ordering products from Dupray.
1.4 These Terms and Conditions of Sale supersede any pre-printed terms on Client's orders and any previous written or oral communications or representations by either party related to the Product or the terms and conditions and may not be amended by Client without prior written consent of Dupray.
2.1 Subject to the terms contained in this section, any quotation provided by Dupray will be valid for the duration stated in the quotation. If no duration is stated, such quotation will be valid for 48 hours.
2.2 Any order, to be valid, needs to be accompanied by a valid payment of the total sum of the value of the Product and shall be made by a pre-arranged method of payment acceptable to Dupray, whether such order is made online on Dupray's website ( dupray.com/en-ca) or to any Dupray representative.
2.3 Dupray reserves its rights to cancel the order at its sole discretion by reimbursing the sums paid by the Client. Dupray shall not otherwise be liable to the Client for cancellation of such orders.
2.4 Not with standing the above, if Client is provided by an invoice by Dupray, such invoice is due one month after the date of the invoice, any unpaid amount will bear interest at 1.5% per month (19.56% per year) from the due date.
3.1 Product availability may be limited. Products ordered may not be available for immediate delivery. Dupray reserves the right, without liability or prior notice, to revise orcease to make available the Product. If there are any revisions to or cessation of Products, Dupray may, with Client's consent, ship Products which have similar functionality and specifications to the Products originally ordered. Client will be given the opportunity to either reject or accept the substitute Product and price for the substitute Product which may differ from the price of the original Product.
4.1 Dupray reserves the right to refuse sales and/or delivery in certain areas of the world. Dupray may be unable to ship to certain remote regions. Dupray reserves the right to refuse or cancel orders where Dupray has no commercially reasonable shipping option, and Dupray shall not be liable to the Client for cancellation of such orders. In such a case, Dupray will reimburse the sums already paid by the Client.
4.2 All of Dupray's machines are delivered with ground service for free in Canadian Provinces and the Continental USA. Please note that customers in remote locations may be subject to additional shipping fees. Delivery charges are applicable on all orders under $50 CAD. Charges for shipping and handling, if applicable, will be shown separately on the invoice. Client is responsible for all sales, use, goods and services, harmonized sales, and other taxes associated with the order. If applicable, a separate charge for taxes and duty will be shown on Client's invoice.
4.3 All orders received between Monday and Friday during normal business hours are dealt with within 24-48 hours. Orders received on weekends are dealt with the following Monday or Tuesday. Client understands that Dupray cannot guarantee same day treatment.
4.4 You must be available for the next 1-10 days to receive your shipment once your order is confirmed.
5.1 Title in the Product shall pass to Client once the Product has been fully paid. Risk of loss shall pass to Client “ex works” Dupray premises.
5.2 Any delivery or shipment dates given by Dupray are estimates only and Dupray is not liable for any loss, damage, cost or expense for any failure to deliver in accordance with the given delivery or shipment date.
6.1 All sales are final but subject to the following return policy.
6.2 All sales purchased on a commercial lease through financing are final and the following return policy is not applicable.
6.3 Subject to the provisions below, if Client is unsatisfied with the Product, Client must notify Dupray within 30 days from the date of delivery. The product must be shipped within 7 days from the date of the reception of the Return Shipping Label, and the tracking number must be provided to a Dupray representative immediately by email. Failure to ship back on time or to provide the tracking number may cause the return request to be refused.
6.4 No Product may be returned unless previously agreed to by Dupray. Client must fill in the return form on dupray.com/en-ca in the support section. Client must provide the name, model and serial number of the Product, a description of the problem or concern and a clear picture of the Product for evaluation.
6.5 The Client is responsible for the costs of used brushes and accessories and any work required to restore the Product to an open box sellable condition. All fees will be deducted from the customer's refund after all costs associated with the transaction have been calculated; including but not limited to accessories used, scratches, cosmetic damages, hose usage, and any other damages.
6.6 Product must be returned with all shipping and insurance charges pre-paid. The Client is responsible for the shipping costs of the return shipment. Client will not be reimbursed for such charges, except where Product is being returned because it is deemed defective by Dupray.
6.7 All returns must be properly packaged to prevent damage during shipment. An explanation of the problem or damage and a proof of purchase must be submitted with the return.
6.8 The Product must be received in an almost new and sellable condition.
6.9 Client will be responsible for insurance of the merchandise (at his costs) because Dupray will not be responsible for damages or loses during shipment.
7.1.1 For a period of twelve (12) months following the purchase of the Product (the “Warranty period”), if the Client has used the Product under normal use and in strict conformity with the instructions and/or manual of operations provided by Dupray and discovers any defects in material or workmanship and notifies Dupray in writing thereof during the Warranty period, Dupray shall use reasonable commercial efforts to repair or replace that portion of the Product found by Dupray to be defective in material or workmanship or refund the purchase price of the Product or replace the Product or a portion of same. If the product is not repairable, a refurbished equivalent product, or a replacement equivalent product or a store gift certificate equivalent to the current value towards the purchase of a new product will be issued. If Dupray exchanges the Covered Equipment, the original product becomes Dupray's property and the replacement product is your property, with coverage effective for the remaining period of the Original Warranty.
7.1.2 For the Warranty period starting twelve (12) months after the purchase of the product to a maximum of twenty-four (24) months after the purchase of the product, the Warranty shall cover parts only, excluding accessories, shipping and handling costs. During that period, Dupray reserves the right to charge a Service fee for all Warranty claims, in order to repair or replace the defective Product with a replacement product that is new or equivalent to new in performance and reliability. All replacement products provided under this Warranty will at a minimum be functionally equivalent to the original product. If Dupray exchanges the Covered Equipment, the original product becomes Dupray's property and the replacement product is your property, with coverage effective for the remaining period of the Original Warranty. Replacements of products having less than 12 months remaining on their original warranty period or that are out of warranty will be covered by a limited warranty of 12 months, starting from the date of replacement.
Detailed Service fees are available at : dupray.com/en-ca/pages/servicefees
7.1.3 The warranty is void:
a) if the damages a result of an accident, abuse, freezing, impact, alteration, non-authorized usage, a major force, or use of other electricity than that indicated on the Product;
b) if repairs, modifications, or alterations were done by a person not authorized by Dupray;
c) the owner or user neglected to do routine maintenance required and the damages or problems are directly related to such neglect. It is the Client's responsibility to keep equipment in proper condition and to use exclusively Dupray cleaning products so as to not damage the internal components;
7.1.4. It is understood that certain parts of the equipment are not covered by the Dupray warranty due to the fact they require replacement after multiple use. Such parts include, but are not limited to, buttons, hoses, vacuum head, covers, seals, etc. These parts will eventually require replacement at the Client's cost.
7.1.5 Dupray makes no warranty or representation that the Product complies with any local laws, rules or regulations and Client shall be responsible for obtaining all permits or authorizations required by any regulatory body for installation or use of the Product.
7.1.6 DUPRAY MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS AND THE WARRANTY STATEMENT IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS, PROMISES, OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. DUPRAY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS NOT STATED HEREIN. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS THAT MAY BE IMPOSED BY LAW ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE WARRANTY PERIOD. DUPRAY'S LIABILITY FOR WARRANTY CLAIMS IS LIMITED TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT AS SET FORTH HEREIN.
7.1.7 The Client understands that it shall strictly comply with the operation instructions or manual provided by Dupray in relation to the Product. FAILURE TO DO SO SHALL EXONERATE DUPRAY FROM ANY WARRANTY AND LIABILITY WHATSOEVER.
7.1.8 This warranty is to benefit the original purchaser of the product. The warranty is not transferable beyond the original purchaser.
7.1.9 Steam is a powerful tool. Like any other tool, it should be used with caution. Certain surfaces, fabrics, materials and finishes are water and heat sensitive and can be damaged or discolored by steam. ALWAYS check with the manufacturer of the surface or product being cleaned before using steam. TEST a small, hidden surface to make sure the surface can be steamed.
In no event is Dupray liable for incidental or consequential damages to anyone, of any nature whatsoever. Some states/provinces do not permit the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above may not apply to you.
7.1.10 Dupray may subcontract or assign performance of its Warranty obligations to third parties.
7.1.11 Dupray is not responsible for any failures or delays in performing under the Warranty that are due to events outside Dupray's reasonable control.
7.1.12 This warranty does not cover machines used for rental purposes.
7.2.1 For a period of twelve (12) months following the purchase of the Product (the “Warranty period”), if the Client has used the Product under normal use and in strict conformity with the instructions and/or manual of operations provided by Dupray and discovers any defects in material or workmanship and notifies Dupray in writing thereof during the Warranty period, Dupray shall use reasonable commercial efforts to repair or replace that portion of the Product found by Dupray to be defective in material or workmanship or refund the purchase price of the Product or replace the Product or a portion of same. If the product is not repairable, a refurbished equivalent product, or a replacement equivalent product or a store gift certificate equivalent to the current value towards the purchase of a new product will be issued. If Dupray exchanges the Covered Equipment, the original product becomes Dupray's property and the replacement product is your property, with coverage effective for the remaining period of the Original Warranty.
7.2.2 For the Warranty period starting twelve (12) months after the purchase of the product to a maximum of thirty-six (36) months after the purchase of the product, the Warranty shall cover parts only, excluding accessories, shipping and handling costs. During that period, Dupray reserves the right to charge a Service fee for all Warranty claims, in order to repair or replace the defective Product with a replacement product that is new or equivalent to new in performance and reliability. All replacement products provided under this Warranty will at a minimum be functionally equivalent to the original product. If Dupray exchanges the Covered Equipment, the original product becomes Dupray's property and the replacement product is your property, with coverage effective for the remaining period of the Original Warranty. Replacements of products having less than 12 months remaining on their original warranty period or that are out of warranty will be covered by a limited warranty of 12 months, starting from the date of replacement.
Detailed Service fees are available at : dupray.com/en-ca/pages/servicefees
7.2.3 The warranty is void:
a) if the damages a result of an accident, abuse, freezing, impact, alteration, non-authorized usage, a major force, or use of other electricity than that indicated on the Product;
b) if repairs, modifications, or alterations were done by a person not authorized by Dupray;
c) the owner or user neglected to do routine maintenance required and the damages or problems are directly related to such neglect. It is the Client's responsibility to keep equipment in proper condition and to use exclusively Dupray cleaning products so as to not damage the internal components;
7.2.4 Notwithstanding sections 7.2.1 and 7.2.2, Dupray offers lifetime telephone support.
7.2.5 It is understood that certain parts of the equipment are not covered by the Dupray warranty due to the fact they require replacement after multiple use. Such parts include, but are not limited to, buttons, hoses, vacuum head, covers, seals, etc. These parts will eventually require replacement at the Client's cost.
7.2.6 Dupray makes no warranty or representation that the Product complies with any local laws, rules or regulations and Client shall be responsible for obtaining all permits or authorizations required by any regulatory body for installation or use of the Product.
7.2.7 DUPRAY MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS AND THE WARRANTY STATEMENT IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS, PROMISES, OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. DUPRAY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS NOT STATED HEREIN. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS THAT MAY BE IMPOSED BY LAW ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE WARRANTY PERIOD. DUPRAY'S LIABILITY FOR WARRANTY CLAIMS IS LIMITED TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT AS SET FORTH HEREIN.
7.2.8 The Client understands that it shall strictly comply with the operation instructions or manual provided by Dupray in relation to the Product. FAILURE TO DO SO SHALL EXONERATE DUPRAY FROM ANY WARRANTY AND LIABILITY WHATSOEVER.
7.2.9 This warranty is to benefit the original purchaser of the product. The warranty is not transferable beyond the original purchaser.
7.2.10 Steam is a powerful tool. Like any other tool, it should be used with caution. Certain surfaces, fabrics, materials and finishes are water and heat sensitive and can be damaged or discolored by steam. ALWAYS check with the manufacturer of the surface or product being cleaned before using steam. TEST a small, hidden surface to make sure the surface can be steamed.
In no event is Dupray liable for incidental or consequential damages to anyone, of any nature whatsoever. Some states/provinces do not permit the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above may not apply to you.
7.2.11 Dupray may subcontract or assign performance of its Warranty obligations to third parties.
7.2.12 Dupray is not responsible for any failures or delays in performing under the Warranty that are due to events outside Dupray's reasonable control.
7.2.13 This warranty does not cover machines used for rental purposes.
7.3.1 For a period of thirty-six (36) months following the purchase of the Product (the “Warranty period”), if the Client has used the Product under normal use and in strict conformity with the instructions and/or manual of operations provided by Dupray and discovers any defects in material or workmanship and notifies Dupray in writing thereof during the Warranty period, Dupray shall use reasonable commercial efforts to repair or replace that portion of the Product found by Dupray to be defective in material or workmanship or refund the purchase price of the Product or replace the Product or a portion of same. If the Product is not repairable, a refurbished equivalent product, or a replacement equivalent product or a store gift certificate equivalent to the current value towards the purchase of a new product will be issued. If Dupray exchanges the Covered Equipment, the Original Product becomes Dupray's property and the replacement product is the Client’s property, with coverage effective for the remaining period of the Original Warranty.
7.3.2 For the Warranty period starting twelve (12) months after the purchase of the product to a maximum of thirty-six (36) months after the purchase of the Product, the Warranty shall cover parts only, excluding accessories or filters, shipping and handling costs. During that period, Dupray reserves the right to charge a Service fee for all Warranty claims, in order to repair or replace the defective Product with a replacement product that is new or equivalent to new in performance and reliability. All replacement products provided under this Warranty will at a minimum be functionally equivalent to the Original Product. If Dupray exchanges the Covered Equipment, the Original Product becomes Dupray's property and the replacement product is the Client’s property, with coverage effective for the remaining period of the Original Warranty. Replacement products with less than twelve (12) months remaining on their Original Warranty period or that are out of Warranty will be covered by a Limited Warranty of twelve (12) months, starting from the date of replacement.
Detailed Service fees are available at : dupray.com/en-ca/pages/servicefees
7.3.3 The Warranty is void:
a) if the damages are the result of an accident, abuse, freezing, impact, alteration, non-authorized usage, a major force, or use of electric power other than what is indicated on the Product;
b) if repairs, modifications, or alterations have been done by a person not authorized by Dupray;
c) if the Client or user has neglected to do the routine maintenance required and the damages or problems are directly related to such neglect. It is the Client's responsibility to keep equipment in proper condition and to exclusively use Dupray cleaning products so as to not damage the internal components;
7.3.4 Notwithstanding sections 7.3.1 and 7.3.2, Dupray offers lifetime telephone support.
7.3.5 It is understood that certain parts of the equipment are not covered by the Dupray Warranty due to the fact they require replacement after multiple uses. Such parts include, but are not limited to: filters, brushes, cloths, buttons, hoses, vacuum heads, covers, seals, etc. These parts will eventually require replacement at the Client's cost.
7.3.6 Dupray makes no warranty or representation that the Product complies with any local laws, rules or regulations and the Client shall be responsible for obtaining all permits or authorizations required by any regulatory body for installation or use of the Product.
7.3.7 DUPRAY MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS AND THE WARRANTY STATEMENT IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS, PROMISES, OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. DUPRAY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS NOT STATED HEREIN. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS THAT MAY BE IMPOSED BY LAW ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE WARRANTY PERIOD. DUPRAY'S LIABILITY FOR WARRANTY CLAIMS IS LIMITED TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT AS SET FORTH HEREIN.
7.3.8 The Client understands that it is necessary to strictly comply with the instruction manual provided by Dupray in relation to the Product. FAILURE TO DO SO SHALL EXONERATE DUPRAY FROM ANY WARRANTY AND LIABILITY WHATSOEVER.
7.3.9 This warranty is to benefit the original purchaser of the Product. The warranty is not transferable beyond the original purchaser.
7.3.10 In no event is Dupray liable for incidental or consequential damages to anyone, of any nature whatsoever. Some states/provinces do not permit the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above may not apply to you.
7.3.11 Dupray may subcontract or assign the performance of its Warranty obligations to third parties.
7.3.12 Dupray is not responsible for any failures or delays in performing under the Warranty that are due to events outside Dupray's reasonable control.
7.3.13 This warranty does not cover products used for rental purposes.
FOR ANY BREACH OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS, DUPRAY, OR ITS EMPLOYEES, AGENTS, DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, SUBCONTRACTORS OR SUPPLIERS, SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE MAXIMUM LIABILITY SHALL NOT IN ANY EVENT EXCEED THE TOTAL PRICE OF THE PRODUCT PAID BY CLIENT. IN NO EVENT WILL DUPRAY BE LIABLE TO CLIENT FOR CONSEQUENTIAL, INCIDENTIAL, SPECIAL DAMAGES, INJURY TO PERSON OR PROPERTY, OR ECONOMIC LOSS (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF EXPENDITURES, INVESTMENTS, COMMITMENTS OR LOST PROFITS) ARISING FROM ANY CLAIM OR ACTION, INCIDENTAL OR COLLATERAL TO, OR DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY RELATED TO THE PURCHASE OR LICENCE OF THE PRODUCT HEREUNDER.
For all purposes hereof, force majeure includes any act of God, war, mobilization, governmental regulation, strike, lockout, drought, flood, total or partial fire, obstruction of navigation, loss, damage or detention in transit, defective materials or delays by shippers, or other contingencies or causes beyond Seller's control which might prevent the manufacturer, shipment or delivery of Goods covered hereby. Performance of Seller's obligations may be suspended pending force majeure, without Seller being responsible to Client for any damages or losses resulting from such suspension.
These Terms and Conditions shall be strictly and exclusively followed in accordance with the laws of the Province of Quebec and the laws of Canada applicable therein without regard to principles of conflict of law and specifically excluding the provisions of the 1980 UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sales of Goods. Without limiting the foregoing, Client irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that any suit, action, or other legal proceeding arising out of or relating to these Terms and Conditions or any transaction hereunder must be decided by binding arbitration in accordance with the Rules of the Canadian Arbitration Association and any such arbitration proceedings shall be brought and held in Quebec, CANADA. The decisions of the arbitrators shall be binding and conclusive upon all parties involved and judgment upon any award of the arbitrators may be entered by any court having competent jurisdiction. This provision shall be specifically enforceable in any court of competent jurisdiction.
In case arbitration shall be impracticable then any suit, action, or other legal proceeding arising out of or relating to these Terms and Conditions or any transaction hereunder must brought to the tribunals of the District of Montreal, Province of Quebec, Client consents to the exclusive jurisdiction of such court in any such suit, action or proceeding ; Client waives any objection to the laying of the venue of any such suit, action or proceeding in any such courts; and Client waives any right that it may have to assert the defence of forum non-conveniens in any such suit, action or proceeding.
By accepting this agreement you confirm that you are not located in (or a national resident of) any country under Canadian or U.S. Economic embargo or sanction, not identified on any U.S. Department of Commerce Denied Persons List, Entity List of proliferation concern or Canadian equivalent, on the US State Department Debarred Parties List or Treasury Department Designated Nationals exclusion list or any Canadian equivalent, and not directly or indirectly involved in the financing, commission or support of terrorist activities or in the development or production of nuclear, chemical, biological weapons or in missile technology programs as specified in the U.S. Export Administration Regulations (15 CRF 744) and hardware, software, technology, or services may not be exported, re-exported, transferred or downloaded to any such entity.
Client agrees and represents that it is buying the Product for its own internal use and not for resale. Client undertakes not to proceed to any type of reverse engineering on the Product or to copy the Product in any way. Client undertakes not to sell, transfer or assign in any way the Product to other manufacturers or distributors of devices or software similar to the Product.
Client may not assign its rights or obligations under this Agreement without the express written consent of Dupray.
If any provision or provisions of these Terms and Conditions be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, such provision shall be enforced to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, and the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.
15.1 This website dupray.com/en-ca (“Website”) and its contents are the exclusive property of Dupray. Your use of this website and any transactions made on this website are subject to the present terms of use. By visiting and/or using this website, by consulting it or by making purchases, you acknowledge the applicability of the present terms of use which you undertake to respect and not to make any illegal use of this website or any use which could prejudice in any way whatsoever Dupray, its subsidiaries, affiliates, members or business partners. Dupray reserves the right to modify or revise the present terms of use at any time without notice. By using this website following any such modification or revision, you agree to be bound by such modification or revision. We recommend to consult the terms of use at each use of this website.
15.2 The Website and all logos, texts, graphics, images, videos, soundtracks or all organization of these elements are the property of Dupray and are protected under the applicable intellectual property legislation and regulations in Canada and in the world. The contents of this website, including namely all logos, texts, graphics, images, videos, soundtracks or any other element of this website cannot, in part or in whole, be copied, duplicated, printed, archived, re-edited, downloaded, displayed, sold, assigned, transferred, modified or otherwise diffused, on paper format or other format created or to be created, electronic or other, without Dupray's prior consent. However, subject to the respect of the present terms of use, you may view and print elements that are part of this website but strictly for private, personal and non-commercial use.
16.1 Client agrees that any invention, patent, industrial design, copyrightable document, Website content or object as well as any technical, scientific, marketing or commercial know-how or trade secret relating to the Product, including but not limited to any inventions, patents, copyright and industrial design (hereinafter described as the “Industrial Property”) is the exclusive property of Dupray.
16.2 Client recognizes and acknowledges that all the trademarks applied on or otherwise used in relation to the Product, whether registered or not (the “Trademarks”), are the exclusive properties of Dupray.
16.3 Client will not take any action which might invalidate any such Trademark or any registration thereof, impair any rights of Dupray or create any rights adverse to those of Dupray. Without limiting the foregoing, Client shall not, during the course of this Agreement and thereafter, adopt, use, register or seek to register in any class in any country or territory, any trademark which includes or is confusingly similar to any of the Trademarks.
16.4 No element of this website shall be interpreted as creating, implicitly or expressly, a licence or a right of use or of duplication of any and all trademark, except with the express written consent of Dupray or of any other party susceptible to own any such trademark. Dupray enforces its intellectual property rights to the full extent prescribed by law.